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N. Keldron. Babson College.
Resistance training to counteract the catabolism of a low-protein diet in patients with chronic renal insufficiency cheap naprosyn 500mg with mastercard raw diet arthritis dogs. Exercise training and the progression of chronic renal failure. Beneficial effects of water-based exercise in patients with chronic kidney disease. Beneficial effects of weight loss in overweight patients with chronic proteinuric nephropathies. Effect of weight loss using formula diet on renal function in obese patients with diabetic nephropathy. Effects of diet-therapy on urinary protein excretion albuminuria and renal haemodynamic function in obese diabetic patients with overt nephropathy. Risk of end-stage renal disease associated with alcohol consumption. Nutritional support for the patient with renal failure. Role of dietary factors in the progression of chronic renal disease. Spontaneous dietary protein intake during progression of chronic renal failure. The malnutrition, inflammation, and atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome — the heart of the matter. Dietary protein restriction and the progression of chronic renal disease: What have all of the results of the MDRD study shown? A low nitrogen diet with proteins of high biological value for severe chronic uremia. The effects of dietary protein restriction and blood-pressure control on the progression of chronic renal disease. Association of serum phosphorus and calcium x phosphate product with mortality risk in chronic hemodialysis patients: A national study. Association of disorders in mineral metabolism with progression of chronic kidney disease. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrolology. High plasma phosphate as a risk factor for decline in renal function and mortality in pre-dialysis patients. Phosphate metabolism in the setting of chronic kidney disease: significance and recommendations for treatment. Reduction of dietary phosphorus absorption by phosphorus binders. Dietary treatment of blood pressure in kidney disease. The effect of dietary protein restriction on the progression of diabetic and nondiabetic renal diseases: a meta-analysis. Low protein diets for chronic kidney disease in non diabetic adults. The effect of protein restriction on the progression of renal insufficiency. Failure of dietary protein and phosphate restriction to retard the rate of progression of chronic renal failure: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial. QJM: monthly journal of the Association of Physicians. Prospective, randomised, multicentre trial of effect of protein restriction on progression of chronic renal insufficiency. Protein-restricted diets in chronic renal failure: a four year follow-up shows limited indications. Adequate protein dietary restriction in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with chronic renal failure. Effect of dietary protein restriction on prognosis in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Long-term effects of protein-restricted diet on albuminuria and renal function in IDDM patients without clinical nephropathy and hypertension. Effect of moderate dietary protein restriction on the progression of overt diabetic nephropathy: a 6-mo prospective study.
Substrate and Trigger Ablation for Reduction of Atrial Fibrillation (STAR AF): a randomized cheap naprosyn 500mg free shipping arthritis wrist exercises, multicentre, international trial. A randomized trial of prophylactic antiarrhythmic agents (amiodarone and sotalol) in patients with atrial fibrillation for whom direct current cardioversion is planned. Effects of diltiazem pretreatment on direct-current cardioversion in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation: a single-blind, randomized, controlled study. Mitral valve surgery plus concomitant atrial fibrillation ablation is superior to mitral valve surgery alone with an intensive rhythm control strategy. Control of heart rate versus rhythm in rheumatic atrial fibrillation: a randomized study. Control of rate versus rhythm in rheumatic atrial fibrillation: a randomized study. Prospective randomized comparison of left atrial and biatrial radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Pulmonary vein isolation combined with superior vena cava isolation for atrial fibrillation ablation: a prospective randomized study. Acute ventricular rate control in atrial fibrillation: IV combination of diltiazem and digoxin vs. Randomized study comparing combined pulmonary vein-left atrial junction disconnection and cavotricuspid isthmus ablation versus pulmonary vein- left atrial junction disconnection alone in patients presenting with typical atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation. Radiofrequency ablation vs antiarrhythmic drugs as first-line treatment of symptomatic atrial fibrillation: a randomized trial. The Australian Intervention Randomized Control of Rate in Atrial Fibrillation Trial (AIRCRAFT). Comparison of antiarrhythmic drug therapy and radiofrequency catheter ablation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a randomized controlled trial. Substrate modification combined with pulmonary vein isolation improves outcome of catheter ablation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation: a prospective randomized comparison. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation. Comparison of rate and rhythm control in hypertension patients with atrial fibrillation. List of Excluded Studies All studies listed below were reviewed in their full-text version and excluded for the reasons cited. Reasons for exclusion signify only the usefulness of the articles for this study and are not intended as criticisms of the articles. Not Available in English Hohnloser S, Crijns H, van Eickels M, et al. Effect of dronedarone on cardiovascular events in atrial fibrillation. Intravenous treatment with propafenone and flecainide in recent-onset atrial fibrillation. Torp-Pedersen CT, Moller M, Bloch-Thomsen PE, et al. Not a Full Publication, Not Original Data, or Not Peer- Reviewed Literature Published 2000 to Present Anonymous. Atrial fibrillation: strict heart rate control provides no advantage. Effects of atrioventricular junctional radiofrequency ablation in patients with chronic atrial fibrillationwho are candidates for cardiac resynchronization therapy. Proven isolation of the pulmonary vein versus extended PV antrum and posterior wall isolation in patients with long standing persistent atrial fibrillation. Catheter ablation of paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation in patient with previous mitral valve surgery: Outcome after documented pulmonary vein isolation versus extended pulmonary vein antrum isolation. CRAFT - A prospective randomised comparison of cryothermal and radiofrequency ablation as atrial flutter therapy. Empirical left atrial appendage isolation improves the success rate of catheter ablation of long standing persistent atrial fibrillation after a single procedure: Results from a prospective multicenter study. Phased radiofrequency ablation is superior to medical therapy for the treatment of persistent atrial fibrillation. Incidence and clinical relevance of uncontrolled ventricular rate during atrial fibrillation in heart failure patients treated with cardiac resynchronization therapy.
Finally naprosyn 500 mg cheap arthritis young living essential oils, the Prien and colleagues ability of divalproex rapid loading (20 to 30 mg/kg per study consisted of a more homogeneous sample of lithium day) (37,46,65) and one recent pilot 5-day trial explored responders diagnosed by more conservative diagnostic crite- intravenous VPA administration (1,200 to 1,800 mg per ria (80). Although all four studies reported rapid improve- As described, many patients with BD have symptomatic ment (within 3days) in manic symptoms among respond- or syndromic recurrences on monotherapy with lithium or ers, only one of these studies was a double-blind, random- VPA. The addition of a second mood-stabilizer is a common ized trial (37). In this controlled trial, the study was designed strategy to enhance maintenance treatment efficacy. Unfor- to assess the tolerability of divalproex loading (30 mg/kg tunately, only one controlled trial has examined this ap- per day 2 days, then 20 mg/kg per day) and was not proach using the combination of lithium and divalproex in powered sufficiently to detect differences in efficacy. In this pilot study, 12 patients has also been compared against placebo as adjunctive ther- with bipolar I disorder receiving lithium plasma concentra- apy to standard antipsychotics in acute mania (68). By study ter- Patients who received the combination of lithium and dival- mination, significantly more VPA-treated patients displayed proex were significantly less likely to experience a relapse a decrease in concomitant antipsychotic treatment. In sum- but significantly more likely to suffer at least one moderate mary, these studies suggest that VPA has a broad spectrum or severe adverse event. It is possible that adverse events of efficacy in acute mania, mixed mania, and rapid cycling, might be reduced by using doses of lithium and/or dival- and appears to be comparable to lithium and haloperidol proex at the lower end of the therapeutic range for each in overall antimanic efficacy. Maintenance CARBAMAZEPINE Open maintenance trials of VPA in patients with BD re- ported that approximately 45% to 50% of patients experi- Acute Mania enced a recurrent affective episode in follow-up periods ranging from 6 to 24 months (15,52,82). A randomized, Although 14 double-blind controlled studies have found open comparison of lithium and VPA found generally good CBZ to be effective in the treatment of acute mania, only efficacy for both drugs over an 18-month period (52). Bow- five of these studies are not confounded by the use of con- den and associates recently reported the results of the largest, comitant agents with antimanic effects (reviewed in Keck prospective, double-blind, randomized maintenance trial of and associates 1992) (44). In the only placebo-controlled pharmacological treatment in patients with BD using sur- trial, 19 patients were crossed over between CBZ or placebo vival analysis to assess time to and rates of relapse (9). During CBZ treatment, 63% of patients displayed sig- study, 38% of patients receiving placebo relapsed, compared nificant improvement on global nursing measures of mania, with 31% on lithium and 24% on divalproex (differences depression, anxiety, anger, and psychosis. It is instructive to compare the results of occurred on placebo. In this latter study, first study, 34 inpatients were randomized to lithium or 68% of patients receiving placebo relapsed compared with CBZ for up to 4 weeks (53). Twenty-eight patients (14 per 36% of patients on lithium by 1 year (79). Thus, the drug treatment group) completed the study and were included relapse rates were very similar between studies but the pla- in the data analysis. There were no significant differences cebo relapse rate was much lower in the Bowden and co- in improvement between the two drugs on the BPRS and worker study (9). This disparity in placebo relapse rates is the Beigel-Murphy Manic State Rating Scale. First, although both stud- lithium-treated patients showed significantly greater im- ies standardized enrollment by an index manic episode, it provement in CGI change scores. In addition, only four is likely that patients in the Bowden and associates study (29%) of 14 CBZ-treated patients were considered respond- were less severely ill because only 18% had been hospitalized ers, whereas 11 (79%) of 14 lithium-treated patients re- during the index episode, whereas all patients in the Prien sponded. In the second lithium comparison study (88) 70% and colleagues study had been hospitalized. Second, the of 52 hospitalized patients randomized to lithium or CBZ definition of relapse differed between the studies. In the dropped out of the trial by 8 weeks owing to lack of efficacy. Two studies an initial year of treatment with lithium or CBZ, a crossover compared CBZ with chlorpromazine in the treatment of to the alternate drug in the second year, followed by a third acute mania (34,71). In the first comparison trial, 60 acutely year on the combination (23). Among evaluable patients, manic patients were randomized to either agent in a 6-week 13(31%) of 42 lithium-treated patients relapsed within 1 trial (71). There were no significant differences in efficacy year compared with 13 (37%) of 35 CBZ-treated patients. As in the previous study, a higher percentage of 28 patients receiving chlorpromazine. In the second study of patients receiving CBZ withdrew because of adverse (34,37) patients were randomized to CBZ (n 15) or events.
Pediatrics 2013;132:e1163–e72 Velsor-Friedrich B discount 250 mg naprosyn fast delivery bauer black arthritis relief gloves, Militello LK, Richards MH, Harrison PR, Gross IM, Romero E, et al. Effects of coping-skills 192 training in low-income urban African-American adolescents with asthma. J Asthma 2012;49:372–9 Walders N, Kercsmar C, Schluchter M, Redline S, Kirchner HL, Drotar D. An interdisciplinary intervention for 193 undertreated pediatric asthma. Chest 2006;129:292–9 Watson WT, Gillespie C, Thomas N, Filuk SE, McColm J, Piwniuk MP, et al. Small-group, interactive education 194 and the effect on asthma control by children and their families. CMAJ 2009;181:257–63 Weisz JR, Southam-Gerow MA, Gordis EB, Connor-Smith JK, Chu BC, Langer DA, et al. Cognitive-behavioral 195 therapy versus usual clinical care for youth depression: an initial test of transportability to community clinics and clinicians. J Consult Clin Psych 2009;77:383–96 Willems DCM, Joore MA, Hendriks JJE, Wouters EFM, Severens JL. Cost-effectiveness of a nurse-led 196 telemonitoring intervention based on peak expiratory flow measurements in asthmatics: results of a randomised controlled trial. Cost Eff Resour Alloc 2007;5(10) 100 NIHR Journals Library www. Process evaluation of a 197 nurse-led telemonitoring programme for patients with asthma. J Telemed Telecare 2007;13:310–17 Willems DC, Joore MA, Hendriks JJ, Nieman FH, Severens JL, Wouters EF. The effectiveness of nurse-led 198 telemonitoring of asthma: results of a randomized controlled trial. J Eval Clin Pract 2008;14:600–9 Xu C, Jackson M, Scuffham PA, Wootton R, Simpson P, Whitty J, et al. A randomized controlled trial of an 199 interactive voice response telephone system and specialist nurse support for childhood asthma management. J Asthma 2010;47:768–73 Young NL, Foster AM, Parkin PC, Reisman J, MacLusky I, Gold M, et al. Assessing the efficacy of a 200 school-based asthma education program for children: a pilot study. This issue may be freely reproduced for the purposes of private research and study and extracts (or indeed, the full report) may be included in professional journals provided that 101 suitable acknowledgement is made and the reproduction is not associated with any form of advertising. Applications for commercial reproduction should be addressed to: NIHR Journals Library, National Institute for Health Research, Evaluation, Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre, Alpha House, University of Southampton Science Park, Southampton SO16 7NS, UK. Comparison of 2 family Absent/ineligible comparator therapies for adolescent anorexia nervosa: a randomized parallel trial. JAMA Psychiatry 2014;71:1279–86 Allen HF, Yarnie S, Murray MA, Reiter EO. Personnel costs and perceived benefit of Ineligible intervention telephone care in the management of children with type 1 diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes 2002;3:95–100 Al-sheyab N, Gallagher R, Crisp J, Shah S. Peer-led education for adolescents with asthma No eligible economic in Jordan: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics 2012;129:e106–12 outcomes Andrade WCC, Camargos P, Lasmar L, Bousquet J. A pediatric asthma management No eligible health outcomes program in a low-income setting resulting in reduced use of health service for acute asthma. Allergy 2010;65:1472–7 Arga M, Sahbaz H, Bakirtas A, Turktas I, Demirsoy MS. Does self-monitoring by means of Ineligible intervention symptom diaries improve asthma control in children? J Asthma 2014;51:299–305 Asarnow JR, Jaycox LH, Duan N, LaBorde AP, Rea MM, Murray P, et al. Effectiveness Ineligible intervention of a quality improvement intervention for adolescent depression in primary care clinics: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2005;293:311–19 Asarnow JR, Jaycox LH, Tang L, Duan N, LaBorde AP, Zeledon LR, et al.
